ABSTRACT
Astragali Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma(AR-CR) is a combination commonly used in the clinical treatment of tumors. Based on the T helper 17(Th17)/regulatory T cell(Treg) balance, the present study explored the possible mechanism of AR-CR combined with 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) on the tumor growth of orthotopic xenograft model mice of colorectal carcinoma. Ninety male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into nine groups, i.e., a blank group, a model group, a 5-FU group, high-, medium-, and low-dose AR-CR(2∶1) groups, and high-, medium-, and low-dose AR-CR+5-FU groups, with 10 mice in each group. The orthotopic xenograft model of CT26.WT colorectal carcinoma was induced in mice except those in the blank group. Twenty-four hours after the ope-ration, mice in the blank group and the model group received normal saline by gavage(10 mL·kg~(-1), once per day), and those in the 5-FU group received 5-FU by intraperitoneal injection(25 mg·kg~(-1), once every other day). Mice in the AR-CR groups received AR and CR decoctions by gavage(12, 6, and 3 g·kg~(-1), once a day) and those in the combination groups received AR and CR decoctions and 5-FU(doses and administration methods were the same as above). After intervention for three weeks, all mice were sacrificed and tumor tissues were collected. The tumor mass was weighed and the average tumor weight was calculated. The changing trend of Th17/Treg(%) in the CD4~+T lymphocytes of the spleen tissues of the mice in each group was detected. The mRNA expression in the blood and protein expression in the tumor tissues of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interferon-γ(IFN-γ), Smad4, N-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7) were detected. The experimental results revealed that compared with the model group, the groups with drug intervention showed reduced tumor mass(P<0.01), decreased CD4~+IL-17~+ in the spleen tissues to varying degrees(P<0.001), and increased proportion of CD4~+Foxp3~+(P<0.001 or P<0.05), indicating that Th17/Treg maintained dynamic balance, and the effect of the combination groups was predominant. Additionally, the mRNA expression in the blood and protein expression in the tumor tissues of TGF-β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, Smad4, N-cadherin, and MMP-7 declined to varying degrees in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.01 or P<0.001). The AR-CR combined with 5-FU can inhibit the tumor growth of orthotopic xenograft model mice of CT26.WT colorectal carcinoma. The mechanism may be related to maintenance of Th17/Treg dynamic balance in the body and down-regulation of TGF-β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, Smad4, N-cadherin, and MMP-7 expression.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Fluorouracil/pharmacology , Heterografts , Mice, Inbred BALB C , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory , Th17 CellsABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of different endoscopic treatment strategies for grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ internal hemorrhoids.Methods:Clinical data of 107 internal hemorrhoid patients who received endoscopic sclerotherapy or band ligation in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively studied. Postoperative adverse events, efficacy, and satisfaction were followed up.Results:Among the 107 patients, there were 45 patients (42.06%) with grade Ⅰ, 55 (52.34%) with grade Ⅱ, and 6 (5.60%) with grade Ⅲ. At the same time, 94.39% (101/107) patients underwent other gastrointestinal endoscopic treatment. The postoperative follow-up time ranged from 3 to 25 months, with a median of 5 months. A total of 84 patients underwent routine endoscopic injection sclerotherapy, and 8 had adverse events after the surgery. The overall effective rate was 97.61% (82/84), and satisfaction rate was 95.24% (80/84). Nine underwent endoscopic foam sclerotherapy, and no postoperative adverse events were observed. The overall effective rate and the satisfaction rate were both 100.00% (9/9). Among the 11 patients undergoing endoscopic band ligation, 2 had adverse events after the surgery. The overall effective rate was 81.82% (9/11), and the satisfaction rate was 72.73% (8/11). Three patients underwent sclerotherapy combined with ligation, and 2 had postoperative adverse events. The overall effective rate was 100.00% (3/3), and the satisfaction rate was 66.67% (2/3). Sclerotherapy was generally superior to ligation in operation cost. Further subgroup analysis for grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients showed that for grade Ⅰ patients, sclerotherapy was better than band ligation in the incidence of postoperative pain ( P<0.05), and for grade Ⅱ patients, no statistically significant differences were observed in adverse events, effective rate and satisfaction rate ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Both endoscopic injection sclerotherapy and band ligation for internal hemorrhoids are safe and effective, and may not increase the risk of adverse events when simultaneously completed with other gastrointestinal endoscopic treatment.
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Allergic conjunctivitis （AC） is one of the most common eye diseases in ophthalmology， including type I allergies and type Ⅳallergies， which seriously affect the quality of life of patients. This article analyzes the current models of allergic conjunctivitis based on the characteristics of clinical symptoms of Chinese and Western medicine， including the types of animals selected， the characteristics of the models， and the analysis of the degree of agreement with the clinical symptoms of Chinese and Western medicine. It is concluded that most of the current AC model replication uses ovalbumin （OVA） induction method， ragweed pollen induction method. In recent years， animal models of fungal-inducible， compound 48/80-inducible， and murine allergic conjunctivitis have appeared， which are sensitized by the "systemic first and then local" method. Most of them have a high degree of coincidence with the characteristics of Western medicine symptoms， but there are certain gaps in the indicators of Chinese medicine， and there are also inconsistencies between the existing observation indicators and the diagnostic standards of Chinese medicine， resulting in unclear symptoms of Chinese medicine and irregular classification judgments. Therefore， To replicate the animal model with high clinical anastomosis of Chinese and Western medicine， further discussion and research are needed to better promote the research of allergic conjunctivitis.
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Objective:To compare the effects of volume-controlled ventilation (VCV),pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and pressure controlled ventilation-volume guarantee (PCV-VG) on respiratory mechanics and respiratory function index in patients undergoing endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).Methods:Seventy-five patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA under general anesthesia during February to December in 2019 in Lishui City People's Hospital,China were included in this study.They were randomly assigned to undergo VCV (Group V),PCV (Group P) or PCV-VG (Group G),with 25 patients in each group during EBUS-TBNA.After exclusion because of different reasons,25,24 and 24 patients from the Groups V,P and G respectively were included in the final analysis.Peak airway pressure (P peak),pulmonary dynamic compliance (C dyn),the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO 2),and oxygenation index (OI) at baseline (T 0),at the time of EBUS-TBNA for 30 (T 1) and 60 min (T 2) and immediately after EBUS-TBNA (T 3). Results:At T 2 and T 3,P peak in the Group P was (22.5 ±5.2) cmH 2O and (16.2 ± 2.8) cmH 2O respectively,which was significantly lower than that in the Group V [(25.8 ± 3.5) cmH 2O,(18.2 ± 3.2) cmH 2O, q = 3.672,3.454, P = 0.031,0.045).At T 1,T 2 and T 3,C dyn in the Group P was (26.4 ± 5.0) mL/cmH 2O,(24.1 ± 4.5) mL/cmH 2O and (32.5 ± 4.2) mL/cmH 2O,respectively,which was significantly higher than that in the Group V [(23.0 ± 2.7) mL/cmH 2O,(19.9 ± 2.1) mL/cmH 2O,(28.5 ± 3.7) mL/cmH 2O, q = 3.732,4.795,4.118, P = 0.027,0.004,0.013).At T 2 and T 3,P peak in the Group G was (21.7 ± 4.3) cmH 2O,(15.6 ± 2.6) cmH 2O,respectively,which was significantly lower than that in the Group V [(25.8 ± 3.5) cmH 2O,(18.2 ± 3.2) cmH 2O, q = 4.493,4.332, P = 0.006,0.009]. At T 1,T 2,and T 3,C ydn in the Group G was (26.6 ± 5.6) mL/cmH 2O,(24.3 ± 5.6) mL/cmH 2O,(33.2 ± 6.3) mL/cmH 2O,which was higher than that in the Group V [(23.0 ± 2.7) mL/cmH 2O,(19.9 ± 2.1) mL/cmH 2O,(28.5 ± 3.7) mL/cmH 2O, q = 3.852,4.936,4.791, P = 0.022,0.002,0.003]. At T 2 and T 3,PaCO 2 in the Group G was (41.1 ± 3.8) mmHg,(38.4 ± 3.4) mmHg,respectively,which was significantly lower than that in the group V [(45.7 ± 3.4) mmHg,(41.0 ± 3.0) mmHg, q = 5.969,3.682, P = 0.000,0.030].At T 2,OI in the group G was significantly higher than that in the group V [(358.0 ± 32.8) mmHg vs.(326.6 ± 29.7) mmHg, q = 4.782, P = 0.030].There were no significant differences in indexes between groups P and G (all P>0.05). Conclusion:During EBUS-TBNA for>60 min,PCV combined with VG can not only reduce airway pressure and improve lung compliance,but also prevent respiratory acidosis and improve oxygenation.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lactulose combined with polyethylene glycol for bowel preparation before colonoscopy in patients of different risks.Methods:A total of 208 patients undergoing colonoscopy were enrolled, including 108 high-risk and 100 low-risk patients. The high-risk patients were divided into group A (54 taking lactulose + polyethylene glycol) and group B (54 taking polyethylene glycol), and the low-risk patients were divided into group C (49 taking lactulose + polyethylene glycol) and group D (51 taking polyethylene glycol). The Boston bowel preparation score, cecal intubation time, withdrawal time, the detection rate of colonic polyps and adenoma, and the incidence of adverse reactions were observed.Results:Among the high-risk patients, the Boston bowel preparation score and adenoma detection rate in group A [(6.35±1.15) scores, 46.3%] were significantly higher than those in group B [(5.76±0.89) scores, 22.2%, both P<0.05], and the first defecation interval in group A was significantly shorter than that in group B [(1.20±0.85) h VS (3.29 ± 2.93) h, P<0.05]. There was no significant difference in adequate bowel preparation rate, polyp detection rate, frequency of defecation or incidence of adverse reactions between group A and B. In the low-risk patients, the first defecation interval in group C was significantly shorter than that in group D [(1.65 ± 1.35) h VS (3.42 ± 2.64) h, P<0.05], and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower than that in group D (44.9% VS 64.7%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in adequate bowel preparation rate, Boston bowel preparation score, adenoma detection rate, polyp detection rate or frequency of defecation between group C and D. Conclusion:For the high-risk patients, the effect of lactulose combined with polyethylene glycol for bowel cleansing is better than that of traditional polyethylene glycol in the improvement of the Boston bowel preparation score, adenoma detection rate, and the first defecation interval. For low-risk patients, lactulose combined with polyethylene glycol regimen has few advantages over traditional polyethylene glycol regimen.
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To investigate the rule of prescription medication in the treatment of digestive system tumors. All the digestive system cancer prescriptions in Cancer Prescription Daquan were entered into Microsoft Excel 2010, the database was established and the frequency, drug pairs and categories of traditional Chinese medicine were counted. IBM SPSS Modeler 14.1 was used for correlation analysis, and IBM SPSS Statistics 21 was used for clustering and factor analysis. A total of 501 prescriptions for digestive system tumors were studied, involving 651 kinds of Chinese materia medica. Poria, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Aucklandiae Radix, and Angelicae Sinensis Radix were the most frequently used drugs, and Poria-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Sparganii Rhizoma-Curcumae Rhizoma, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium-Aucklandiae Radix were the most frequently used drug pairs; Chinese herbal medicine categories of heat-clearing drugs, deficiency-tonifying drugs, blood-activating and stasis-removing drugs were the most frequently used. The highest frequency of Sparganii Rhizoma-Curcumae Rhizoma and Poria-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma was found in correlation network diagram; Cluster analysis found 12 Chinese herbal medicine combinations; Six common factors were extracted from the analysis, and the highest loads in sequence were Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma, Sparganii Rhizoma, and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. The prescriptions of digestive system tumors contained in Cancer Prescription Daquan are based on the core of dispersing symptoms and resolving nodules. Its usually change and use flexibly drugs from three angles of regulating qi, removing dampness, promoting qi and reducing adverse reactions to disperse turbidity, activating blood circulation and benefiting qi, and eliminating blood stasis; clearing away heat, fighting toxins and activating blood circulation to resolve accumulate.
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Objective:To study the short-term effects,toxic side effects and immune function of Aidi injection adjuvant GP methods chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:130 patients with advanced NSCLC were divided into study group and the control group according to treatment methods.The study group were given Aidi injection +GP,and the control group only treated with GP.The short-term effects,toxic side effects gradeⅢ-Ⅳand immune function changes were compared between the two groups.Results:The overall response rate was 40.28%in study group,higher than 37.93% in control group(P>0.05).The two groups showed differences in the rates of leucocyte decrease,gastrointestinal reaction and platelets decrease(P0.05),while in the control group the levels of CD4,CD8 and CD4/CD8 changed more significantly than before(P<0.05).The two groups also produced differences in CD4,CD8 and CD4/CD8 after treatment( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion: The short-term effects of Aidi injection adjuvant GP chemotherapy regimen for advanced NSCLC is similar to only GP chemotherapy,but it can obviously reduce the incidence of toxic side effects and prevent the immune func-tion.
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PURPOSE: Four polymorphisms, -765G>C, -1195G>A, 8473T>C, and Val511Ala, in the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene were identified to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, the results are inconsistent. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between these four polymorphisms and the risk of CRC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All eligible case-control studies published up to December 2012 on the association between the four polymorphisms of COX-2 and CRC risk were identified by searching PubMed and Web of Science. The CRC risk associated with the four polymorphisms of the COX-2 gene was estimated for each study by odds ratio (OR) together with its 95 % confidence interval (CI), respectively. RESULTS: A total of 15 case-control studies were included. Overall, no evidence has indicated that the -1195A allele, -765C allele, 8473C allele, and 511Ala allele are associated with susceptibility to CRC (-1195G>A: OR=1.11, 95 % CI: 0.82-1.51, p=0.78; -765G>C: OR=1.08, 95 % CI: 0.96-1.21, p=0.07; 8473T>C: OR=1.03, 95 % CI: 0.89-1.18, p=0.91; Val511Ala: OR=0.71, 95 % CI: 0.46-1.09, p=0.94). However, stratified analysis with ethnicity indicated that individuals with -765GC or GC/CC genotypes had an increased risk of CRC among Asian populations (GC vs. GG: OR=1.05, 95 % CI: 0.87-1.28, p=0.03; GC+CC vs. GG: OR=1.08, 95 % CI: 0.96-1.21, p=0.07). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis indicated that -765G>C polymorphism was significantly associated with susceptibility to CRC in Asian populations.